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...class''' dreadnoughts were designed as a follow-up to the revolutionary {{UK-Dreadnought|f=p}}. ...eet]] for much of the [[First World War]], and in 1918 {{UK-Superb}} and {{UK-Temeraire}} were dispatched to the Eastern Mediterranean for service agains

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...ww.battleships-cruisers.co.uk/ship.php?ShipID=1258 Battleships-cruisers.co.uk]<br>Her [[British Tripod Director Firing System|director]] is not yet insta | {{Template:UK-Conqueror}}

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...of 2- June 1913, pattern number corrected in Order 362 of 11 July}}||in {{UK-Dreadnought}} and later ...of 2- June 1913, pattern number corrected in Order 362 of 11 July}}||in {{UK-Dreadnought}} and later

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...January, 1912 the old battleship {{UK-1Revenge}}, which was a tender to {{UK-Excellent}}, broke free from her moorings and drifted across Portsmouth Har ''Orion'' joined the {{UK-BS|2}}, and would act as the formation's flagship from December, 1913 or ea

...t squadron were redesignated as the {{UK-BS|3}}.<ref>See {{UK-BS|2}} and {{UK-BS|3}} for citations.</ref> ...George V Class Battleship (1911)|''King George V'']] classes, as well as {{UK-Thunderer|f=p}}.{{ARTS1913|p. 126}}

|nat=UK ...attle of Jutland]] in 1916. After the battle she was transferred to the {{UK-BS|4}}. Following the conclusion of the war and the dissolution of the Gra

==Torpedoes== ...served with the First until the end of the war.<ref>See {{UK-BS|4}} and {{UK-BS|1}} for citations.</ref>

...f the [[Grand Fleet]] from 4 August, 1914 until replaced in this role by {{UK-QueenElizabeth}} on 16 February, 1917.{{UKCeased|p. 1}} ...r George A. Callaghan]]. She replaced {{UK-1Neptune}}, which joined the {{UK-BS|1}}.<ref>"The New Fleet Flagship" (News). ''The Times''. Tuesday, 10 M

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...ed for gyroscopes, drawn from the Portsmouth Depot. Though there were four torpedoes, only two gyros were initially supplied:{{ARTS1898|p. 42}} * two {{Torp|18-in Mark IV|UK}}es, S.L. type

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==Torpedoes== ...able to do this in 5 minutes, 45 seconds. The best time was achieved by {{UK-Cressy}} at 50.75 seconds, though 2:30 was more typical.{{ARTS1904|pp. 45-7

...''. p. 52.</ref> to provide crew for the newly requisitioned battleship {{UK-Erin}}.<ref>''Monograph 6''. p. 10.</ref> She was sent to Loch Ewe on 30 ==Torpedoes==

''Magnificent'' arrived at Scapa Flow in company with {{UK-Hannibal}} for local defence at 4 p.m. on 10 August.<ref>"Grand Fleet Opera ==Torpedoes==

...lles Campaign she was despatched as a mine clearer. She was struck by two torpedoes while anchored off Gaba Tepe on 27 May, 1915, and capsized with the loss of ...have been delayed by armour plate being diverted to the construction of {{UK-Magnificent|f=p}} at [[Chatham Royal Dockyard]].

==Torpedoes== {{CatShipPreDreadnought|UK}}

...ed to relieve her temporarily in May, but her permanent relief was to be {{UK-Bulwark}}.<ref>Report from Charles Beresford dated 18 April 1908 in ''Naval ...Fleet]], before joining the {{UK-BS|8}} on 8 August, 1914. She replaced {{UK-PrinceGeorge|f=p}} as squadron flagship on 15 August.<ref>C.B. 1585. p. 52

The ship was added to the {{UK-BS|5}} from the end of 1912 or earlier, remaining with that formation until .... Airplanes seemed to help, but fire directed at locations suggested by {{UK-Agamemnon}} proved ineffective. On the 11th, large batteries of 8- or 9-in

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...r Captain [[Frederick Tower Hamilton|Frederick T. Hamilton]], to relieve {{UK-1RoyalOak}} in the [[Mediterranean Station|Mediterranean]], where she would ...m M. Chambers]] took command, with the crew from the paid-off battleship {{UK-1Resolution}}.

==Torpedoes== {{CatShipPreDreadnought|UK}}

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...orge Francis Maurice Cradock|Sir Christopher G. F. M. Cradock]], and the {{UK-1Berwick}} arrived.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appoint On 21 August, 1914, ''New Zealand'' was ordered to join {{UK-Invincible}} on the Humber.<ref>"Grand Fleet Operations - Narrative of Even

|nat=UK ...lp from aircraft from {{UK-Pegasus}} while steaming with {{UK-Lion}} and {{UK-PrincessRoyal}} ahead against a 145 foot target while steaming at full spee

In 1923, in test firings of her submerged tubes, the torpedoes were discharged at intervals of 105, 154, 198 and 410 seconds.{{ARTS1927|p. Re-commissioned at Portsmouth on 1 January, 1929 for service with the {{UK-BCS}} supporting the [[Atlantic Fleet (Royal Navy)|Atlantic Fleet]].{{NLJul

|nat=UK ===Torpedoes===

|nat=UK ...iral [[David Richard Beatty, First Earl Beatty|Sir David Beatty]], whose {{UK-BCS|1}} had been weakened by the need to hunt down the German East Asia Squ

|nat=UK The ten 14-in 45 calibre Mark E guns were in twin mountings. In respects to their sights

|nat=UK ===Torpedoes===

...time they entered service improvements in gunnery and the launch of the {{UK-Dreadnought}} had negated any small benefit these turrets might have provid '''Torpedoes'''

...' was commissioned at Devonport on 14 November, 1912, for service in the {{UK-BCS|1}},<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and N ...he next month subjected to a court of inquiry for causing delays in firing torpedoes owing to imprecise verbal orders.<ref>Bashford Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 1

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...August, 1861. After fourteen months at ''Excellent'', he was placed in {{UK-1Warrior}} in April 1863 for an additional fourteen months service. ...'']] on 16 November, 1876. On 30 January, 1877, he was appointed to the {{UK-1Hercules|f=t}} on Special Service, and served in her till 1 March.<ref>{{T

...or use on Pattern 2391/2391a,2392/2392a directors using different types of torpedoes.]] ...}} and {{UK-Inflexible}}, and one of each stripe in {{UK-Colossus}} and {{UK-Hercules}}. At the same time, all 2391s and 2392s in the Dockyards at Malt

...wo years, Jellicoe studied at the Naval College and focused on gunnery and torpedoes at [[H.M.S. Excellent (Gunnery Training School)|H.M.S. ''Excellent'']] bef ...and of the new armoured cruiser [[H.M.S. Drake (1901)|''Drake'']] in the {{UK-CS}}.

...Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2007 [http://0-www.oxforddnb.com.wam.leeds.ac.uk/view/article/34134, accessed 10 Sept 2012]</ref> ...instruction at {{UK-Vernon}} in 1885. The "Whitehead" was one of the main torpedoes being used by the Navy in the late nineteenth century and was the world's f

...readnoughts {{UK-QueenElizabeth|f=p}} and {{UK-EmperorOfIndia|f=p}}, the {{UK-Australia|f=tp}}, two cruisers and 17 destroyers were in the dockyard. Howe ...19.7-inch German ones. The 107 German 17.7-inch and the 75 British 18-inch torpedoes had too short a range to be significant in a fleet action.{{MarderFDSFII|p.

...on 10 February and went on Half Pay. He was appointed in command of the {{UK-Andromache|f=t}} in the annual man&oelig;uvres from 21 July to 10 September ...oria.{{Gaz|26809|3|1 January, 1897}} He was appointed in command of the {{UK-Majestic|f=t}} in the [[Channel Squadron (Royal Navy)|Channel Squadron]] on

|nat=UK ===Torpedoes===

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...al Ordnance Department (Royal Navy)|Naval Ordnance Department]] (including Torpedoes)&mdash;''matériel'' and Stores. ...al Ordnance Department (Royal Navy)|Naval Ordnance Department]] (including Torpedoes)&mdash;''matériel'' and Stores.

Nicholson participated in the manoeuvres of July, 1988 as commander of the {{UK-TB79|f=t}}, on loan.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence". ''The Times''. On 23 March, 1906, he started a one year stint as Captain of the {{UK-Dido|f=t}}.<ref>Nicholson Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 291.</re

...f Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes]], before going to sea as Second-in-Command of the [[Tenth Cruiser Squadron He was appointed Captain of the {{UK-1Andromeda|f=t}} on 20 May, 1907.<ref>Singer Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196

...o Britain soon enough, for he studied to qualify as a torpedo officer in {{UK-Vernon}} from 30 September 1879 until the end of the following June. He ser ...inted [[Assistant Director of Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|Assistant Director of Torpedoes]], a role he would remain in until 21 December 1906.<ref name=Blond167>Blon

...ouse, Christchurch, his father the physician, H. W. Hartford. He joined {{UK-1Britannia|f=p}} as a Naval Cadet on 15 January, 1898, ranking forty-fourth Hartford joined {{UK-1Crescent}}, the flagship of the [[North America and West Indies Station]]

...edo officer he served in several battleships, including two years in the {{UK-Majestic}}, flagship of the [[Channel Squadron (Royal Navy)|Channel Squadro ...ssistant Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes or Assistant Director of Torpedoes.<ref>''Mahan is not Enough''. p. 247.</ref>

...nese Navy]]. Upon his return he spent a year on the cadet training ship {{UK-1Britannia}}, before serving as the junior member of a committee appointed ...next three years Wilson devoted his great talent and energy to the use of torpedoes and mines, particularly mine counter-measures, a vital task for a sea-contr

...appointed to {{UK-1Andromeda}} on 25 January, 1910 and then promptly to {{UK-Monmouth}} on 12 March. He would stay in ''Monmouth'' until 10 April, 1912 ...converted German merchant ship {{UK-Lucia}} (ex-''Spreewald''), and the {{UK-SF|10}}.

...tions, he took a second class certificate at the College, a first class in torpedoes, a first class in gunnery, and a first class in pilotage. On 30 August, 18 A minute of 23 September, 1889 while Arbuthnot was at {{UK-Vernon|f=p}}, records:

...une, 1904. He then spent a year (1904–5) in command of the ex-Chilean {{UK-Triumph|f=t}} in the [[Channel Fleet (Royal Navy)|Channel Fleet]]. His suc ...0''. p. 199.</ref> From 16 February, 1911, when he took command of the {{UK-CS|5}}, Burney was continuously on full pay for nine years.

...eorge V''. p. 8.</ref> After much controversy, the use of the corvette {{UK-Bacchante}} was eventually approved, and it was agreed that in spite of the ...was reappointed to ''Excellent'' to take the short courses in gunnery and torpedoes.<ref name=Record105/> While on leave in December, 1888 he campaigned for h

...f Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>." He injured and admitted to Chatham Hospital on 13 Au ...ies. On 1 December, 1916, he was appointed Captain of the light cruiser {{UK-Conquest}}, which command he held until 16 May, 1917, when he was appointed

...llerton was directing the quarterly examination of the dry primers for the torpedoes, the work being carried out by Leading Seaman Arthur Moxley and Able Seaman Later in 1897, his {{UK-1Sunfish|f=t}} collided with the barge ''Ellen''. He was cautioned to be m

{{UK-Oak|f=p}} reports that "at about 7.35 p.m. the track of a torpedo was obser ...men were specially stationed under a signal officer aloft, to look out for torpedoes. It is quite possible that this is due to the difficult light conditions r

{{UK-RoyalOak}}, 10 June, 1916 ...your orders at 9.30 <small>P.M.</small>, May 30, 1916, my flag being in {{UK-Marlborough}}, and proceeded in company with your flag to the south-eastwar

...t}} (1890-92). The balance of his time was largely spent in work at the {{UK-Excellent|f=tp}}. ...ADM 196/87/88 claims he commanded {{UK-1Ferret}}, {{UK-1Lightning}} and {{UK-2Porpoise}}, but nothing else I find shows this to be true. I suspect a cl

...from 1892 in the cruiser {{UK-Orlando}} in Australian waters, and in the {{UK-1Centurion}} and [[H.M.S. Endymion (1891)|''Endymion'']] on the China Stati ...g. He commanded the boys' training ship ''Lion'' at Devonport, then the {{UK-2Pandora|f=t}} in the reserve at Portsmouth. He was then appointed for ser

...24 August to re-qualify, and on 27 October he became Gunnery Officer in {{UK-DukeOfWellington}}. ...On 21 July he was appointed First Lieutenant and Gunnery Officer of the {{UK-Forth}} until she paid off on 16 September. He was thence appointed to the

...Gunnery School]], and on 16 July he was appointed gunnery officer of the {{UK-Scylla|f=t}} for the annual manœuvres. After ''Scylla'' was paid off, Dre ...d Dreyer's name for appointment as Gunnery Officer to the new battleship {{UK-1Exmouth}}.<ref>{{TNA|ADM 196/44}}. f. 353.</ref>

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...esident}}, additional, as an Assistant to [[Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|D.N.O.]]<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appoi ...393''e''}} and commanded her at the [[Battle of Jutland]] as part of the {{UK-BS|1}}.{{UKJutlandOD|p. 43}} He wrote [[H.M.S. Colossus at the Battle of J

On 17 July, 1917, Walker was appointed to {{UK-Castor}}, additional, for torpedo duties on the staff of Commodore (F) [[Ja ...ld finally quit his post in ''Castor'' to be appointed in command of the {{UK-Cadmus|f=t}} on 19 March, 1919. He left ''Cadmus'' upon being promoted to

...erbert]]'''|'''[[Director of Torpedoes and Mining (Royal Navy)|Director of Torpedoes and Mining]]'''<br>12 Jun, 1918<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Offi {{CatPerson|UK|1871|1945}}

...torpedoes and one for what were thought to be possible settings for German torpedoes which were deemed equivalent to British 21-in Marks V and VI.{{ARTS1918|p. * are we within range of enemy torpedoes?

...H.M.S. Caroline (1914)|''"Caroline"'']] made signal "Attack with Whitehead torpedoes." V.A. II made "Negative attack, these ships are our battle cruisers." "C [[Robert Lionel Brooke Cunliffe]] served in {{UK-KingGeorgeV|f=p}} in the battle. This extract is reproduced from side two

The '''14-in Mark XI Torpedo''' was a British torpedo manufactured by the [[Royal Gun Fa An order for 100 [[14-in Mark X* Torpedo (UK)|Mark X*]] and Mark XI torpedoes was made in 1903, but the proportion of each is not specified.{{ARTS1903|p.

...-Court_Magnificent.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Holmes-à-Court as Commander in {{UK-Magnificent}}, c. 1905.<br><small>From official officers' photograph in alb On 5 January 1888, he was deprived by the Captain of {{UK-Volage}} of one month's seniority for disrespect to a naval instructor and

| {{Template:UK-BlackPrince}} | {{Template:UK-DukeOfEdinburgh}}

H.M.S. " {{UK-Collingwood}}," ...ahead to starboard, 19 knots, "{{UK-Collingwood}}" being second ship of "{{UK-Colossus}}" division (No. 5).

...t|f=p}}, followed immediately by the 6 week short course in torpedoes at {{UK-Vernon|f=p}}.<ref>Dare Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/19.}} f. 234.</ref> Dare assumed command of the new {{UK-1Berwick|f=t}} in November 1903.

...me of the other cruisers were firing on the port bow. As we came up the {{UK-Lion}}, leading our Battle Cruisers, appeared to be on fire the port ...ed out. We opened fire at 5.37 p.m. on some German light cruisers. The {{UK-Collingwood}}'s second salvo hit one of them which set her on fire, and san

The '''Diary of Alec S. Tempest''' (1899-1978), signal boy aboard {{UK-Lion|f=p}} from 20 May 1915 through 26 April, 1919 can be found at the Cair If found please return to A.S. Tempest Siglm. 47 Mess {{UK-Lion|f=p}} or 37 Hunslett Road Leeds. If not able to do so please destroy

Appointment to the {{UK-Vernon|f=tp}} came on 28 September, 1877.{{NLJul78|p. 249}} Egerton was appointed in command of the {{UK-1TB25|f=t}} on 17 June, 1886.{{NLJul86|p. 245}}

...he served in command of destroyers, before becoming Assistant Director of Torpedoes at the Admiralty. During the [[First World War]] Charlton served as [[Cape ...e Director of Naval Ordnance. He was appointed Commander of the cruiser {{UK-Orlando}} on the [[China Station]] on 16 February, 1899.

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He served as captain of {{UK-Formidable}} from March 1906 until January 1907.{{MackieRNW}} ...ker]]'''|'''[[Naval Ordnance Department (Royal Navy)|Assistant Director of Torpedoes]]'''<br>10 May, 1898{{BlondTechTrad|p. 167}}|Succeeded by<br>'''[[George Le

==Torpedoes== In 1913, {{UK-Shannon}} and ''Cochrane'' were to be allocated {{Torp|18-in Fiume Mark III

...er''. On 12 March, 1880 he was appointed to the Mediterranean flag ship {{UK-1Alexandra}}, in which he was senior midshipman, and on 21 October, 1880, h ...ilee Review of 1887, Pakenham was appointed to ''Vernon'' for command of {{UK-1TB29}}, commanding her on manoeuvres from 1 July.<ref>"Naval & Military In

Kennard was promoted to the rank of {{UK-LieutRN}} on 11 June, 1902.<ref>Kennard Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/46/1 On 13 December, 1912, Kennard was appointed to {{UK-Lion}} to be her gunnery officer.{{NLMar13|p. 340}}

...sichore}}.<ref name=f36/> On 5 November, he was appointed as captain of {{UK-GoodHope}}.<ref name=f36/> ...ma/summary/cu80-001.shtml Liddle Hart Centre]</ref> moving on to command {{UK-BlackPrince}} on 1 February, 1906.<ref name=f36/>

In May 1904, Tudor assumed command of the {{UK-Challenger|f=t}}.{{MackieRNW}} He was appointed command of the {{UK-Superb|f=t}} on 14 March, 1909.<ref>Tudor Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42

...f {{LieutRN}} on 31 December, 1897. On 27 May, 1898 he was appointed to {{UK-Barfleur}} on the [[China Station]] during the time of the Boxer Rebellion. ...ted those, they took him all of six days, as he was appointed to command {{UK-Vulture}} on 28 October, 1904.<ref>Stirling Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/

|nat=UK ===Torpedoes===

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...n dreadnoughts ready at Scapa Flow and the eight pre-dreadnoughts of the {{UK-BS|3}} and five battlecruisers at Rosyth in the Firth of Forth. The battlec ...Navy)|Light Cruiser Squadron]] under his command: a sixth battlecruiser, {{UK-QueenMary|f=p}}, was undergoing maintenance. He was ordered to rendezvous w

...inner one of five boats and an outer one of three. The seaplane carrier {{UK-Engadine|f=p}}, with two seaplanes armed with bombs and one with a torpedo, ...ction was to propose that the {{UK-BCS|1}}, the {{UK-LCS|1}} and 2nd and {{UK-DF|4}} should support the operations, with the battleships nearby. The Admi

...ts with the {{UK-LCS|6}} one mile to their port beam at 25 knots and the {{UK-LCS|1}} three miles astern. Ten destroyers screened the forces.{{GFGTO|No. ...he two light cruiser squadrons as well as his own cruiser squadron. The {{UK-BS|1}} of six battleships and eleven destroyers was in a supporting positio

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[[File:ARTS1890Plate1.jpg|thumb|600px|'''Short 18-in Torpedoes, 1890'''{{ARTS1890|Plate 1}}]] ...1892.{{ARTS1892|p. 26}} Before the advent of the [[18-in Mark I Torpedo (UK)|Mark II model]], it was commonly referred to as the '''18-in R.G.F. Torped

...publicised presence of the British battle cruisers {{UK-Invincible}} and {{UK-Inflexible}} at the Falklands lowered the British numerical superiority in ...e dreadnoughts of the [[Orion Class Battleship (1910)|''Orion'' Class]]. {{UK-Thunderer|f=p}} was missing because she was undergoing a refit.{{UKNSMonoII

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...owever some significant differences. Most notably, {{UK-1Boadicea}} and {{UK-Bellona}} had just six 4-in guns, and the others carry eight or ten. The m ...cout cruisers was taken literally, as {{UK-1Blanche}}, {{UK-Blonde}} and {{UK-Bellona}} served throughout the war providing a close-in screen to individu

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==Torpedoes== ...{{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 433.</ref>|note=as {{Com2RN}} and in command of {{UK-LCS|2}}}}

...ethusa'' class]], and fought at the [[Battle of Jutland]] as part of the {{UK-LCS|4}}. ==Torpedoes==

...greater rigidity.{{FCHMShips|pp. 11-12}} Following successful tests in {{UK-Yarmouth}} that same month, ''Caledon'' was one of three other light cruise ...n, First Baronet|Walter H. Cowan]], leading the {{UK-LCS|1}}. Screening {{UK-BCS|1}} with her squadron, she chased an assortment of enemy minesweepers a

...K-BCS|3}} along with {{UK-Chester}}, who was similarly detached from the {{UK-LCS|3}}. Lucky to escape the considerable damage sustained by ''Chester'', ...' was to receive [[21-in Mark II***** Torpedo (UK)|21-in Mark II***** S.L. torpedoes]].{{ARTS1920|pp. 6-7. (G. 10141/20-6.8.1920)}}

...ethusa'' class]], and fought at the [[Battle of Jutland]] as part of the {{UK-LCS|1}}. ==Torpedoes==

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On 22 August, 1893, Napier was appointed to the {{UK-SansPareil}}, additional, for ‘special G duties’ at Malta,<ref>Napier s ...f Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes]] at the Admiralty, until he was superseded on 5 January, 1904, when he was

He was appointed in command of the {{UK-Bullfinch|f=t}} on 24 February, 1902.<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" ( ..., 1909, when he was superseded. He next spent a year in command of the {{UK-Blenheim|f=t}}, during which time he grounded her through what the Admiralt

On 20 August 1908, he was given command of the {{UK-1Hermes|f=t}}.<ref>Dumas Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 500.</ref ...were in charge. Gun arcs mashed ourselves in perfect positions for firing torpedoes, ranges far closer than would be possible in war & finally are ending with

.../20.}} f. 524.</ref> His busy string of commands continued directly to {{UK-Albemarle}} from November 1905 to the beginning of 1907.{{MackieRNW}} In December 1908, he became Captain of the {{UK-Bedford|f=t}}, remaining in command almost two years before she was wrecked

...ing School)|H.M.S. ''Excellent'']] and educate officers in electricity and torpedoes.<ref>Mackay. ''Fisher of Kilverstone''. p. 106.</ref> In 1872 H.M.S. ''V <div name=fredbot:officeCapt otitle="Captain of H.M.S. ''Vernon''" nat="UK">

Barry commanded the {{UK-1Curlew|f=t}} in the [[Annual Manoeuvres of 1890]], the ship acting as part In November 1895, he assumed command of the {{UK-Astraea|f=t}}. He may have stayed with the ship until June 1899.

Domvile was appointed to command the corvette {{UK-1Dido}} on 20 September, 1879, a month after Captain [[Arthur Richard Wrigh ...'''[[Naval Ordnance Department (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes]]'''<br>21 May, 1891<ref>Domvile Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/36.}} f. 3

...ips in action, from the [[Battle of Dogger Bank]] through command of the {{UK-Eagle|f=tp}} in the late 1920s. In 1904, Money collided with {{UK-TB82}} while in command of her sister, {{UK-TB86}}. This misadventure drew Their Lordships' severe displeasure. This

...[Mahon]] in Minorca, Spain from 16-17 May, 1888, while in command of the {{UK-1Surprise|f=t}}.<ref>Naval historian Antonio Moreno García, document maile ...|7553|31 December, 1889}} He was appointed in command of the battleship {{UK-Victoria}} on 20 August, 1891.{{NMI|Thursday, 6 August, 1891. Issue '''333

{{CaptRN}} [[Morgan Singer]] was commander of {{UK-Vernon|f=p}} at the start of the war, and appointed [[Director of Naval Ord ...". E.23 torpedoed "Westfalen" 19^<u>th</u> reports having got 2 torpedoes in & sunk her. Germans deny this & say she was hit once & got back. "Wars

...nked for the intelligence he demonstrated in preparing a report on Chilean torpedoes.<ref>Chisholm-Batten Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/86/125.|}} f. 250.</re In February 1885 he began an extended appointment at {{UK-Vernon|f=p}}, where Captain Markham privately sent word to the Admiralty th

...DM 196/13/402.}}</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes]]'''}} {{CatPerson|UK|1834|1916}}

...war and beyond. At some time in September 1924 it was re-designated the {{UK-CS|2}} as post-war operations suggested the wisdom of merging heavy and lig ...fice0 otitle="Rear-Admiral Commanding, Second Light Cruiser Squadron" nat="UK">

...as Fisher's Naval Assistant and later as [[Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance]] (D.N.O.), later gave his opinion ...he Board of Admiralty in November, 1908. The armoured cruiser was named {{UK-Indefatigable}} on 9 December and was laid down at Devonport on 23 February

MacLeod entered the service with the December 1860 intake term at {{UK-1Britannia}}, his examination scores ranking him twenty-second of thirty-fo ...on 31 January 1874.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24072/page/1519 no. 24072. p. 1519.] 6 March 1874.</ref>

...l, on 7 January, 1905, as an Assistant to [[Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|D.N.O.]].<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appo On 11 December 1912, he was appointed in command of the {{UK-Antrim|f=t}}.{{NLJul13|p. 278}}

In February 1913, ''Dido'' was collided with the {{UK-Berwick|f=t}}. ''Dido{{'}}s'' commander [[Robert Henry Coppinger]] was fau ...ip, ''Dido'' only carried 75% of her 6-in ammunition and did not carry any torpedoes for her own torpedo tubes.{{UKShipArmament1914|April 1914 p. 26-27}}

Early in the war, she was part of the {{UK-CS|11}}, which was itself part of the Third Fleet. ==Torpedoes==

''Eclipse'' was mobilized in August, 1914 for service with Cruiser Force G ({{UK-CS|12}}) covering the Western Approaches to the English Channel{{UKNSMonoX| ...4.{{UKNSMonoIX|pp. 91-97}} Temporary Flagship for the Squadron whilst ''{{UK-Euryalus}}'' was refitting from 31 October, 1914.{{UKNSMonoIX|p. 100}}

In mid-1913, she was with Third Fleet, temporarily attached to the {{UK-DF|7}}.{{NLJul13|p. 381}} ...rd. {{TNA|ADM 196/43/83.|D7602428}} f. 90.</ref>|note=and in command of {{UK-DF|7}}}}

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...ight were graduated in knots of speed-across, and possible shot curves for torpedoes were depicted. The Mark I's disc could record speeds-across of about 25 kn ...ified that only light cruisers equipped with 21-in Mark II to Mark II***** torpedoes would receive T. 211 discs, each receiving two of them, in boxes.{{ARTS1919

...to disable and destroy enemy torpedo boats before they could deliver their torpedoes. ...rved as the dispatch vessel to {{UK-IronDuke}} and {{UK-1Firedrake}} and {{UK-Lurcher}} served with submarine flotillas in Harwich.{{March|p. 122}}

...he outset of the war, these ships comprised the {{UK-DF|4}} under leader {{UK-Swift}}.{{DittColl|p. 15}} | {{Template:UK-1Acasta}}

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They inaugurated the use of 21-in torpedoes on Royal Navy destroyers. ...Flotilla]]. In 1911, they were sent to the Mediterranean to become the {{UK-DF|5}} during the Dardanelles operation. {{Conways1906|p. 73}}

...yers.{{ARTS1912|p. 36}} Later, they were among the ships comprising the {{UK-DF|6}}, operating out of Dover.{{Conways1906|p. 72}} | {{Template:UK-1Afridi}}

Of the "Rivers", {{UK-Eden}}, {{UK-Stour}} and {{UK-Test}} had turbine propulsion; the remainder retained the proven V.T.E. eng | {{Template:UK-Erne}}

...e {{UK-1Hood}} from 3 January, 1905 to 24 June, 1905 when he was sent to {{UK-1NewZealand}}. He remained in ''New Zealand'' until she paid off on 17 Jun ...> Before leaving ''Bellerophon'', Usborne's gunners tied for first with {{UK-Dreadnought}}'s at a prize firing, scoring 18 hits out of 40 rounds fired a

...e similarly equipped [[First Destroyer Flotilla (Royal Navy)|First]] and {{UK-DF|3}}s.{{NLJun06|pp. 269, 270''a''}} ...vely}}||align=center|{{UK-Ness}}||align=center|{{UK-Nith}}||align=center|{{UK-Orwell}}

...ne'' were attached to the {{UK-Vernon}}. ''Hardy'' was attached to the ''{{UK-Excellent}}''. |align=center colspan=6|{{UK-Topaze}}

...me=fredbot:officecaptD otitle="Captain (D), Sixth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK"> ...e=fredbot:officeFGO otitle="Gunnery Duties, Sixth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK">

...estroyer (1903)|''River'' class destroyers]]. The T.B.s ran 37 18-in cold torpedoes that year, endangering the enemy 84% of the time, the "Rivers" were 97% lik * {{UK-Blonde}} (flag)

...ptember, 1915 as part of the [[Harwich Force]], where it worked with the {{UK-DF|10}}. It ceased to exist in April, 1917, its ships being doled out to ot ...otilla, based out of Chatham.{{March|p. 164}} Operating with depot ship {{UK-StGeorge}}, the flotilla was to mobilise with:{{AWO1914|109 of 10 July, 191

...=fredbot:officecaptD otitle="Captain (D), Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK"> ...fredbot:officeFGO otitle="Gunnery Duties, Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK">

...edbot:officecaptD otitle="Captain (D), Thirteenth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK"> ...dbot:officeFGO otitle="Gunnery Duties, Thirteenth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK">

...edbot:officecaptD otitle="Captain (D), Fourteenth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK"> ...dbot:officeFGO otitle="Gunnery Duties, Fourteenth Destroyer Flotilla" nat="UK">

...d full crew turned over from {{UK-Leviathan}} and became flagship of the {{UK-CS|3}}.{{NLJan08|p. 281}} ==Torpedoes==

In December, 1912, she was part of the {{UK-CS|7}}. She remained in that formation [[The Loss of the Aboukir, Cressy a ==Torpedoes==

==Torpedoes== ...in 6 minutes 20 seconds from port. The best time was achieved by sister {{UK-Cressy}} at 50.75 seconds, though 2:30 was more typical.{{ARTS1904|pp. 45-7

In June, 1906, she was flagship for the {{UK-CS|3}},{{NLJun06|pp. 268-9}} flying the flag of {{RearRN}} [[Hedworth Meux| ''Leviathan'' was designated as flagship of the {{UK-CS|4}} on 20 April, 1909. {{RearRN}} [[Arthur Murray Farquhar]]'s hoisted

In mid-1913, she was servicing {{UK-SF|4}} in Portsmouth.{{NLJul13|p. 280}} ...l submarines, at Dover from September 1914 until it was re-designated as {{UK-SF|5}} in September 1916. She continued to oversee the flotilla's [["C" Cl

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...e on passing out of {{UK-1Britannia}} in September, 1904 and joining the {{UK-Swiftsure|f=t}}.<ref>Renouf Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/51/254.|D7605009}} He was appointed Lieutenant ('''T''') of the dreadnought battleship {{UK-Conqueror}} on 1 May, 1914.{{NLNov17|p. 392''p''}}

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...to transfer to the {{UK-BS|1}} from her present role as flagship of the {{UK-DF|2}}.{{NLJul13|p. 283}} On 17 December, 1914, ''Bellona'' and the {{UK-1Broke|f=t}} collided; Commander [[Charles Donnison Roper|Roper]] of ''Bro

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...e centre line.<br><br>(b) The protection of magazines from shell fire and torpedoes. Observing that the penetration of one hot splinter to a magazine may be s ...nowiki>]</nowiki> & DNO <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance]]<nowiki>]</nowiki> will be asked t

...NMI|7 Aug. 1897, p. 6}}{{NMI|18 Aug. 1897, p. 8}} The delay resulted in {{UK-Charybdis}} replacing ''Blenheim'' as escort, departing on 26 August.{{NMI| In August 1900, she was one of six cruisers along with {{UK-SansPareil}} ordered to receive wireless telegraphy systems.{{NMI|Friday, A

...the German submarine {{DE-U9}} in the North Sea. The ships, part of the {{UK-CS|7}} (also known as Cruiser Force C) of the [[Southern Force]], were unde ...Rear Admiral [[Henry Hervey Campbell|Henry Campbell's]] {{UK-CS|7}}, the {{UK-SF|7}} and the [[First Destroyer Flotilla (Royal Navy)|First]] and [[Third

'''Whitehead & Company''' was an early innovator in and manufacturer of torpedoes. Founded by Robert Whitehead, the company invented the automotive torpedo The torpedoes were much better able to seek and keep a uniform depth by combined use of a

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===Captain's Report, H.M.S. "{{UK-Valiant}}"=== ...re two separate explosions at short intervals, probably caused by mines or torpedoes.

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==Torpedoes== ...d for gyroscopes, drawn from the Portsmouth Depot. Though there were three torpedoes, only two gyros were initially supplied:{{ARTS1898|p. 42}}

...erton]] was directing the quarterly examination of the dry primers for the torpedoes, the work being carried out by Leading Seaman Arthur Moxley and Able Seaman {{CatShipFirstClassProtectedCruiser|UK}}

...rom {{UK-Chester}} later, presumably because she'd been so badly mauled. {{UK-Chatham}} was "not applicable", as she had struck a mine and was under repa ...four light cruisers, with another detached to screen the {{UK-BCS|3}}. {{UK-Engadine|f=t}} operated in a detached manner.{{UKJutlandOD|pp. 33, 46}}

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...tilla leaders. Returned to Chile in 1920, there would be another leader {{UK-Broke|f=p}} commissioned in the 1920s. In September 1914, it was decided that ''Broke'' should join the {{UK-DF|2}} as the half-flotilla leader and be fitted with a [[Wireless Telegrap

|nat=UK In November, 1911, ''Swift'' was serving as a flotilla leader in the {{UK-DF|1}}.{{March|p. 160}}

* German Human Torpedoes and Midget Submarines, by Erwin F Sieche * From Fancy to Stingray: British Torpedoes since 1945, by Antony Preston

...{{UK-Defiance}} studying gunnery and torpedoes before being sent to the {{UK-Astraea|f=t}} to be first and gunnery officer on 25 February, 1904 through ...l 21 December. On 16 February, 1912, he was appointed in command of the {{UK-Skirmisher|f=t}}, to remain there until mid-April, 1913.<ref>Boyle Service

...e arrived in Gibraltar on the 8th. On the morning of 16th, she escorted {{UK-Superb}}, apparently bringing her into the harbour, as she left with her la On the 19th of October, ''Tilbury'', {{UK-Superb}} and the two Japanese destroyers left for Mudros, arriving the 21st

In April, 1916 ''Nerissa'' was assigned to the newly-created {{UK-DF|13}}.{{SMNLApr16|p. 12}} ...Germans had reversed course to the South. Legge believed that one of his torpedoes may have struck the last German ship in the line, but no hits were made.

''Norseman'' joined the {{UK-DF|13}} in November, 1916.{{SMNLNov16|p. 12}} She transferred to the {{UK-DF|14}} in February 1918 with five other of the Thirteenth's "M" class dest

...t|256px|''Sparrowhawk'' at Jutland, 31 May, 1916.<br><small>As seen from {{UK-Spitfire}}.<br>© Alan Bush.</small>]] Upon completion in mid-1913, ''Sparrowhawk'' joined the {{UK-DF|4}}.{{NLJul13|p. 377}}

On commissioning at Portsmouth she joined the {{UK-DF|7}}.<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Noti In mid-1913, ''Archer'' was in the {{UK-DF|1}}.{{NLJul13|p. 279}}

===Torpedoes=== ...the first phase, she underwent progressive, comparative trials with the {{UK-1Speedy|f=t}} and in the second, she simulated a 120 mile sortie to take up

...aid off into the Dockyard Reserve on 8 March and her crew turned over to {{UK-Leven}}, which would replace her in the Instructional Flotilla.{{NMI|Friday On 23 January, 1901, ''Bat'' led six other destroyers (plus {{UK-Leven}}, who sortied later) of her flotilla from Devonport to Kingstown. T

...part of the Hostile Fleet tasked with threatening British trade routes. {{UK-Immortalite}} was the other ship in this command ambiguity.{{ToL|Naval Inte ...orge W. Hand|appt=3 May, 1893|end=27 June, 1894|note=transferred in from {{UK-1Shannon}}}}

The {{UK-LCS|4}} had five light cruisers operating in support of the [[Grand Fleet]] * {{UK-Calliope}}, Commodore 2nd class [[Charles Edward Le Mesurier|Charles E. Le

The {{UK-LCS|2}} operated in a screening role for the [[Battle Cruiser Fleet]] at th Under the command of Commodore [[William Edmund Goodenough]] in {{UK-1Southampton}}, the squadron was notably more attentive to its role in keep

Addison was appointed in command of the {{UK-TB71|f=t}} in July, 1896 for manoeuvres.<ref>Addison Service Record. {{TNA| He was given command of the {{UK-TB110|f=t}} on 21 July, 1903, for manoeuvres, and also command of Milford F

...cs.<ref name=iwmpapers>National Archives. [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/A2A/records.aspx?cat=062-csac29675 Papers of Rear Admiral Brian Egerton (18 ...dash; 5 January 1926).<ref>Robarts, Stepney. [http://www.stepneyrobarts.co.uk/9416.htm Admiral Sir George Le Clerc Egerton].</ref> Egerton had one older

...knot setting of the {{Torp|18-in Mark IV|UK}} and the {{Torp|14-in Mark X*|UK}}. ...er, those ships would also lose their 18-in (Mark VI?){{ARTS1919|p. 103}} torpedoes, leaving no vessels carrying the Mark V.{{ARTS1918|p. 159}}

...d by [[John I. Thornycroft & Company]]. It was armed with 14-in Whitehead torpedoes, displaced 32.5 tons and was 87 feet in overall length and could make 19 kn ...from Thornycroft and other builders. None of the boats carried guns, only torpedoes being fired from a variety of means: fixed bow tubes, drop collars, and de

...ussia. Three were lost to accidents, one was sunk in the [[Great War]] ({{UK-1TB46}}, lost while under tow in 1915 but placed back into service). The r | {{UK-1TB25}}

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They were similar to {{UK-TB79}} but had a turtle back forecastle. They proved too light in construc | {{Template:UK-TB82}}

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The '''14-in Mark I Torpedo''' (or '''14-in R.L. I''') was an early British torpedo manufactured by the [[Royal Laborat ...production was switching over to the [[14-in Mark II Torpedo (UK)|Mark II torpedoes]].{{ARTS1884|p. 47}}

The '''14-in R.L. Mark II Torpedo''' (or '''14-in R.L. II''') was an early British torpedo manufactured by the [[Royal Labora ...82 at which time production switched over to the [[14-in Mark III Torpedo (UK)|Mark III torpedo]].{{ARTS1884|p. 47}}

The '''14-in R.L. Mark III Torpedo''' was an early British torpedo manufactured by the [ ...span. Production then switched right over to the [[14-in Mark IV Torpedo (UK)|Mark IV torpedo]].{{ARTS1884|p. 47}}

...duction was switching over to the [[14-in Mark I Torpedo (UK)|14-in Mark I torpedoes]].{{ARTS1884|p. 47}} {{CatTorpedo|16-in|UK}}

[[File:ARTS1883Plate12.jpg|thumb|600px|'''14-in R.L Mark IV'''{{ARTS1883|Plate 12}}]] The '''14-in R.L. Mark IV Torpedo''' was an early British torpedo manufactured by the [[

The '''14-in R.L. Mark V Torpedo''' was an early British torpedo manufactured by the [[R ...d they had made speeds of 21.5 and 22.25 knots - about that of the Mark IV torpedoes - though improvement upon this was expected as the water was 45 degrees dur

...]] when control of the Torpedo Factory at Woolwich was transferred. These torpedoes were now to be stamped "R.G.F" in lieu of "R.L.".{{ARTS1890|p. 19}} ...t to state exactly, but it appears that a total 320 of them (called "Leeds torpedoes") had been ordered in 1888-9 and 1889-90 and been adjusted and accepted.{{A

...'' was an early British torpedo. Some of these were referred to as "Leeds torpedoes", which likely means they were manufactured by [[Greenwood and Batley]].{{I ...ese parts were noted as being stronger in the newer {{Torp|14-in Mark VIII|UK}}es.{{ARTS1890|p. 22-23}}

The '''14-in R.L. Mark VI Torpedo''' was an early British torpedo manufactured by the [[ Conversion of these torpedoes to some new standard had completed the conversion of 118 of them and that a

[[File:ARTS1893Plate10edit.jpg|thumb|640px|'''14-in R.G.F. Mark IX Torpedo'''{{ARTS1893|portion of Plate 10}} ]] The '''14-in Mark IX Torpedo''' was a British torpedo manufactured by the [[Royal Gun Fa

[[File:ARTS1890Plate1.jpg|thumb|600px|'''Short 18-in Torpedoes, 1890'''{{ARTS1890|Plate 1}}]] Like a [[18-in Mark I Torpedo (UK)|slightly later R.G.F. model]], it was built in both "long" and "short" ver

[[File:ARTS1890Plate1.jpg|thumb|600px|'''Short 18-in Torpedoes, 1890'''{{ARTS1890|Plate 1}}]] The construction was very similar in materials to the 14-in Mark IX torpedo.

The '''14-in Mark X Torpedo''' was a British torpedo manufactured by the [[Royal Gun Fac ...uction in 1898, building upon its very successful [[14-in Mark IX Torpedo (UK)|Mark IX predecessor]].{{ARTS1898|pp. vi-vii}}

The '''14-in Weymouth Mark I Torpedo''' was a torpedo manufactured by [[Whitehead & Comp ...rpedo (UK)|14-in R.G.F. Mark X]] and a portion of the {{Torp|18-in Mark IV|UK}}es ordered in 1898 would be among the first to employ gyroscopes.

...s built in 1904. It was one foot longer than the [[18-in Mark V* Torpedo (UK)|Mark V*]] and could take 2000 psi. Anticipated speeds were 27 knots for 2 The construction was very similar in materials to the 14-in Mark IX torpedo.

At the start of the war, all 21-in Weymouth torpedoes in England were purchased. Among these were twenty-four 21-in Weymouth Mar ...ting provided stable depth-keeping in top bracket torpedoes, and that S.L. torpedoes could retain the 38 knot and 25 knot setting.

[[File:ARTS1909Plate1.jpg|thumb|600px|'''R.G.F. Torpedoes Mark I and II, 1909'''{{ARTS1909|Plate 1}}]] In 1909-1910, 4 hook bracket torpedoes were ordered.{{CN}}

[[Hubert Edward Dannreuther]] was notably the gunnery officer in {{UK-Invincible|f=p}} at the [[Battle of Jutland]], and one of the few survivors ...}}, 6 Jan 1902 - 3 Jun 1902; {{UK-Doris|f=p}}, 4 Jun 1902 - 12 Jan 1903; {{UK-Mars|f=p}}, 16 Jan 1903 - 1 Sep 1903.

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The design inaugurated the use of 21-in submarine-borne torpedoes in service. | {{Template:UK-G1}}

...essful attack on {{DE-U92}} south of Dogger Bank on 1 July, 1918. The two torpedoes fired missed their target.{{CN}} ...[[Charles Edwin Arthur William Cox|Charles E. A. W. Cox]], and tender to {{UK-Dolphin}}.{{NLJan21|p. 764}}

|nat=UK Although she was nominally placed in service with the {{UK-SF|6}}, she actually provided power to other submarines and acted as a depo

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