Difference between revisions of "John Michael de Robeck, First Baronet"
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==Early Life & Career== | ==Early Life & Career== | ||
− | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 30 September, 1885. | + | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 30 September, 1885.{{Gaz|25516|4599|2 October, 1885}} |
− | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 22 June, 1897. | + | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 22 June, 1897.{{Gaz|26865|3443|22 June, 1897}} |
In mid-1899, he was in command of the {{UK-Angler|f=t}} and commanding the destroyers of the [[Chatham Flotilla]].{{ARTS1899|p. 63}} | In mid-1899, he was in command of the {{UK-Angler|f=t}} and commanding the destroyers of the [[Chatham Flotilla]].{{ARTS1899|p. 63}} | ||
==Captain== | ==Captain== | ||
− | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{CaptRN}} on 1 January, 1902. | + | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{CaptRN}} on 1 January, 1902.{{Gaz|27393|3|3 January, 1902}} |
He was appointed Captain of the {{UK-Carnarvon|f=t}} in August 1906. | He was appointed Captain of the {{UK-Carnarvon|f=t}} in August 1906. | ||
Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
==Flag Rank== | ==Flag Rank== | ||
− | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{RearRN}} on 1 December, 1911, vice [[Herbert Whitmore Savory|Savory]]. | + | De Robeck was promoted to the rank of {{RearRN}} on 1 December, 1911, vice [[Herbert Whitmore Savory|Savory]].{{Gaz|28562|9446|15 December, 1911}} |
He struck his flag in the [[H.M.S. Aboukir (1900)|''Aboukir'']] at Chatham on 26 July, 1914.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Monday, 27 July, 1914. Issue '''40586''', col B, p. 4.</ref> | He struck his flag in the [[H.M.S. Aboukir (1900)|''Aboukir'']] at Chatham on 26 July, 1914.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Monday, 27 July, 1914. Issue '''40586''', col B, p. 4.</ref> | ||
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He hoisted his flag in the [[H.M.S. Amphitrite (1898)|''Amphitrite'']]. | He hoisted his flag in the [[H.M.S. Amphitrite (1898)|''Amphitrite'']]. | ||
− | On 1 January, 1916, he was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (K.C.B.). | + | On 1 January, 1916, he was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (K.C.B.).{{GazSup|29423|80|31 December, 1915}} |
− | He was confirmed in the rank of Vice-Admiral on 17 May, 1917, vice [[Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee, First Baronet|Sturdee]]. | + | He was confirmed in the rank of Vice-Admiral on 17 May, 1917, vice [[Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee, First Baronet|Sturdee]].{{Gaz|30084|4942|22 May, 1917}} |
==Post-War & Retirement== | ==Post-War & Retirement== | ||
− | On 24 March, 1920, he was promoted to the rank of {{AdmRN}}, vice [[William Lowther Grant|Grant]]. | + | On 24 March, 1920, he was promoted to the rank of {{AdmRN}}, vice [[William Lowther Grant|Grant]].{{Gaz|3186|4474|16 April, 1920}} |
− | He was appointed an Ordinary Member of the First Class, or Knight Grand Cross, in the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (G.C.B.) on 1 January, 1921. | + | He was appointed an Ordinary Member of the First Class, or Knight Grand Cross, in the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (G.C.B.) on 1 January, 1921.{{GazSup|32178|4|1 January, 1921}} |
− | He was advanced to the rank of {{FleetRN}} on 24 November, 1925, vice [[Cecil Burney, First Baronet|Burney]]. | + | He was advanced to the rank of {{FleetRN}} on 24 November, 1925, vice [[Cecil Burney, First Baronet|Burney]].{{Gaz|33110|7950|1 December, 1925}} |
There is a portrait-drawing of de Robeck by Francis Dodd in the Imperial War Museum, South Kensington. | There is a portrait-drawing of de Robeck by Francis Dodd in the Imperial War Museum, South Kensington. | ||
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<div name=fredbot:appts>{{TabApptsBegin}} | <div name=fredbot:appts>{{TabApptsBegin}} | ||
{{TabNaval}} | {{TabNaval}} | ||
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 86 (1889)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 86]]'''<br>22 Jul, 1890<ref>"Naval Intelligence". ''The Times''. Friday, 19 July, 1890. Issue '''33068''', col C, p. 12.</ref> – 21 Aug, 1890<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/20.}} f. 346.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[ | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 86 (1889)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 86]]'''<br>22 Jul, 1890<ref>"Naval Intelligence". ''The Times''. Friday, 19 July, 1890. Issue '''33068''', col C, p. 12.</ref> – 21 Aug, 1890<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/20.}} f. 346.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[John Derwent Allen|John D. Allen]]'''}} |
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William Fane De Salis|William F. De Salis]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Haughty (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Haughty'']]'''<br>20 Nov, 1897<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[ | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William Fane De Salis|William F. De Salis]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Haughty (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Haughty'']]'''<br>20 Nov, 1897<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Marcus Rowley Hill|Marcus R. Hill]]'''}} |
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Command'''|'''[[H.M.S. Angler (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Angler'']]'''<br>20 Nov, 1897{{NLOct98|p. 224}}|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Tibbits|Charles Tibbits]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Command'''|'''[[H.M.S. Angler (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Angler'']]'''<br>20 Nov, 1897{{NLOct98|p. 224}}|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Tibbits|Charles Tibbits]]'''}} | ||
+ | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William Fane De Salis|William F. De Salis]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Desperate (1896)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Desperate'']]'''<br>before 9 Mar, 1898{{NMI|8 Oct. 1897, p. 9}} – 1898|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Cuthbert Godfrey Chapman|Cuthbert G. Chapman]]'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Mermaid (1898)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Mermaid'']]'''<br>? – 28 Nov, 1899<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Mark Edward Frederic Kerr|Mark E. F. Kerr]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Mermaid (1898)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Mermaid'']]'''<br>? – 28 Nov, 1899<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Mark Edward Frederic Kerr|Mark E. F. Kerr]]'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Pyramus (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Pyramus'']]'''<br>1 Jun, 1900<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 64/128.</ref>{{NLJan01|p. 296}} – 1901{{NLJan01|p. 296}}<ref>Grant Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.|}} f. 31.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Alfred Ernest Albert Grant|Alfred E. A. Grant]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Pyramus (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Pyramus'']]'''<br>1 Jun, 1900<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 64/128.</ref>{{NLJan01|p. 296}} – 1901{{NLJan01|p. 296}}<ref>Grant Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.|}} f. 31.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Alfred Ernest Albert Grant|Alfred E. A. Grant]]'''}} | ||
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[ | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Edward Stanley Adeane|Edward S. Adeane]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Warrior (1860)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Warrior'']]'''<br>16 Jul, 1902<ref>De Robeck Service Record ADM 196/42.</ref> – 30 May, 1903<ref>De Robeck Service Record ADM 196/42.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''?'''}} |
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Frederick Fogarty Fegen|Frederick F. Fegen]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Leander (1882)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Leander'']]'''<br>21 Jan, 1904<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 64/128.</ref> – 1 Jun, 1904<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 64/128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Seymour Elphinstone Erskine|Seymour E. Erskine]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Frederick Fogarty Fegen|Frederick F. Fegen]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Leander (1882)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Leander'']]'''<br>21 Jan, 1904<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 64/128.</ref> – 1 Jun, 1904<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 64/128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Seymour Elphinstone Erskine|Seymour E. Erskine]]'''}} | ||
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[George John Scott Warrender, Seventh Baronet|Sir George J. S. Warrender, Bart.]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Carnarvon (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Carnarvon'']]'''<br>1 Aug, 1906<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref> – 25 Jan, 1908<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Robert John Prendergast|Robert J. Prendergast]]'''}} | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[George John Scott Warrender, Seventh Baronet|Sir George J. S. Warrender, Bart.]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Carnarvon (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Carnarvon'']]'''<br>1 Aug, 1906{{NLJan08|p. 291}}<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref> – 25 Jan, 1908<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Robert John Prendergast|Robert J. Prendergast]]'''}} |
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Arthur Thomas Stuart|Arthur T. Stuart]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Dominion (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Dominion'']]'''<br>25 Jan, 1908{{NLJan10|p. 301}}<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref> – 25 Jan, 1910<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Morgan Singer|Morgan Singer]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Arthur Thomas Stuart|Arthur T. Stuart]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Dominion (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Dominion'']]'''<br>25 Jan, 1908{{NLJan10|p. 301}}<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref> – 25 Jan, 1910<ref>de Robeck Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Morgan Singer|Morgan Singer]]'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Herbert Whitmore Savory|Herbert W. Savory]]'''|'''[[Training Service (Royal Navy)|Inspecting Captain of Boys' Training Ships]]'''<br>15 Feb, 1911<ref>"Naval Appointments" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Tuesday, 11 January, 1911. Issue '''39496''', col B, p. 8.</ref> – 21 Dec, 1911<ref>de Robeck service record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edmund Radcliffe Pears|Edmund R. Pears]]'''<br><small>as '''Inspecting Captain of Boys' Training Establishments'''</small>}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Herbert Whitmore Savory|Herbert W. Savory]]'''|'''[[Training Service (Royal Navy)|Inspecting Captain of Boys' Training Ships]]'''<br>15 Feb, 1911<ref>"Naval Appointments" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Tuesday, 11 January, 1911. Issue '''39496''', col B, p. 8.</ref> – 21 Dec, 1911<ref>de Robeck service record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 128.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edmund Radcliffe Pears|Edmund R. Pears]]'''<br><small>as '''Inspecting Captain of Boys' Training Establishments'''</small>}} | ||
Line 89: | Line 90: | ||
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George]] | [[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George]] | ||
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order]] | [[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order]] | ||
+ | {{CatRN}} |
Latest revision as of 18:42, 6 April 2022
Admiral SIR John Michael de Robeck, First Baronet, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., G.C.V.O., R.N. (10 June, 1862 – 20 January, 1928) was an officer of the Royal Navy during the First World War. He is perhaps most notable for his command of the Eastern Mediterranean Squadron during the abortive attempts to force the Dardanelles in 1915. He later commanded a battle squadron in the Grand Fleet, and after the war ended held the commands of the Mediterranean and Atlantic Fleets.
Contents
Early Life & Career
De Robeck was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant on 30 September, 1885.[1]
De Robeck was promoted to the rank of Commander on 22 June, 1897.[2]
In mid-1899, he was in command of the destroyer Angler and commanding the destroyers of the Chatham Flotilla.[3]
Captain
De Robeck was promoted to the rank of Captain on 1 January, 1902.[4]
He was appointed Captain of the armoured cruiser Carnarvon in August 1906.
He was appointed in command of the battleship Dominion on 25 January, 1908.[5]
Flag Rank
De Robeck was promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral on 1 December, 1911, vice Savory.[6]
He struck his flag in the Aboukir at Chatham on 26 July, 1914.[7]
Great War
He hoisted his flag in the Amphitrite.
On 1 January, 1916, he was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (K.C.B.).[8]
He was confirmed in the rank of Vice-Admiral on 17 May, 1917, vice Sturdee.[9]
Post-War & Retirement
On 24 March, 1920, he was promoted to the rank of Admiral, vice Grant.[10]
He was appointed an Ordinary Member of the First Class, or Knight Grand Cross, in the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (G.C.B.) on 1 January, 1921.[11]
He was advanced to the rank of Admiral of the Fleet on 24 November, 1925, vice Burney.[12]
There is a portrait-drawing of de Robeck by Francis Dodd in the Imperial War Museum, South Kensington.
Bibliography
- "Sir John de Robeck" (Obituaries). The Times. Saturday, 21 January, 1928. Issue 44796, col B, p. 12.
Papers
Service Records
- The National Archives. ADM 196/87.
- The National Archives. ADM 196/42.
- The National Archives. ADM 196/20.
Footnotes
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 25516. p. 4599. 2 October, 1885.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26865. p. 3443. 22 June, 1897.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1899. p. 63.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27393. p. 3. 3 January, 1902.
- ↑ The Navy List. (October, 1908). p. 301.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 28562. p. 9446. 15 December, 1911.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 27 July, 1914. Issue 40586, col B, p. 4.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 29423. p. 80. 31 December, 1915.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 30084. p. 4942. 22 May, 1917.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 3186. p. 4474. 16 April, 1920.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 32178. p. 4. 1 January, 1921.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 33110. p. 7950. 1 December, 1925.
- ↑ "Naval Intelligence". The Times. Friday, 19 July, 1890. Issue 33068, col C, p. 12.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 346.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ The Navy List. (October, 1898). p. 224.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence." The Times (London, England), 8 Oct. 1897, p. 9.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 64/128.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1901). p. 296.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1901). p. 296.
- ↑ Grant Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 31.
- ↑ De Robeck Service Record ADM 196/42.
- ↑ De Robeck Service Record ADM 196/42.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 64/128.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 64/128.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1908). p. 291.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1910). p. 301.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ "Naval Appointments" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Tuesday, 11 January, 1911. Issue 39496, col B, p. 8.
- ↑ de Robeck service record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 27 July, 1914. Issue 40586, col B, p. 4.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (September 1914). p. 5.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 32.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. p. 4.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 3.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 128.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. p. 32.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 285.
- ↑ "Flag Command Changes" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Wednesday, 21 December, 1921. Issue 42909, col D, p. 14.
- ↑ de Robeck Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 285.
- People
- People (UK)
- 1862 births
- 1928 deaths
- H.M.S. Britannia (Training Ship) Entrants of July, 1875
- Flag Officers
- Flag Officers (UK)
- Admirals of the Fleet
- Admirals of the Fleet (UK)
- Knights Grand Cross of the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath
- Knights Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George
- Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
- Served in R.N.