Difference between revisions of ""D" Class Destroyer (1896)"
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| − | + | Ten of the '''30 Knotters''' built for the [[Royal Navy]] late in the 1890s had two funnels. All were built by [[John I. Thornycroft & Company]], and were re-designated as '''"D" class destroyers''' on 30 August 1912, along with the contemporary, foreign-built {{UK-Taku}}, as she also happened to have two funnels.{{Conways1906|p. 18}} | |
| − | + | Their average cost was £60,000.{{HardLying|Table 5}} | |
| + | |||
| + | In July, 1918, seven ships were still in service, four serving in the local defence force in Portsmouth, two in the Irish Sea, and one paid off in China.{{SMNLJul18|pp. 16, 17, 19, 28}} | ||
By May 1920, seven of the ships were still considered worth documenting as regards their armament,<ref name=th15>''Technical History and Index'' Vol. 4, Part 34, p. 15.</ref> though the ships were all to be broken up by the end of 1921. | By May 1920, seven of the ships were still considered worth documenting as regards their armament,<ref name=th15>''Technical History and Index'' Vol. 4, Part 34, p. 15.</ref> though the ships were all to be broken up by the end of 1921. | ||
| Line 20: | Line 22: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Desperate}} | | {{Template:UK-Desperate}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|1 Jul, 1895 | |1 Jul, 1895 | ||
|15 Feb, 1896 | |15 Feb, 1896 | ||
| Line 26: | Line 28: | ||
|Broken up 1920 | |Broken up 1920 | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| − | | {{Template:UK- | + | | {{Template:UK-1Fame}} |
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|4 Jul, 1895 | |4 Jul, 1895 | ||
|15 Apr, 1896 | |15 Apr, 1896 | ||
| Line 34: | Line 36: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Foam}} | | {{Template:UK-Foam}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|16 Jul, 1895 | |16 Jul, 1895 | ||
|8 Oct, 1896 | |8 Oct, 1896 | ||
| Line 41: | Line 43: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Mallard}} | | {{Template:UK-Mallard}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|13 Sep, 1895 | |13 Sep, 1895 | ||
|19 Nov, 1896 | |19 Nov, 1896 | ||
| Line 48: | Line 50: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Angler}} | | {{Template:UK-Angler}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|21 Feb, 1896 | |21 Feb, 1896 | ||
|2 Feb, 1897 | |2 Feb, 1897 | ||
| Line 55: | Line 57: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-1Ariel}} | | {{Template:UK-1Ariel}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|23 Apr, 1896 | |23 Apr, 1896 | ||
|5 Mar, 1897 | |5 Mar, 1897 | ||
| Line 62: | Line 64: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Coquette}} | | {{Template:UK-Coquette}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|8 Jun, 1896 | |8 Jun, 1896 | ||
|25 Nov, 1897 | |25 Nov, 1897 | ||
|Nov, 1899 | |Nov, 1899 | ||
| − | |Mined 1916 | + | |Mined 7 Mar, 1916 |
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Cynthia}} | | {{Template:UK-Cynthia}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|16 Jul, 1896 | |16 Jul, 1896 | ||
|8 Jan, 1898 | |8 Jan, 1898 | ||
| Line 75: | Line 77: | ||
|Broken up 1920 | |Broken up 1920 | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| − | | {{Template:UK- | + | | {{Template:UK-1Cygnet}} |
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|25 Sep, 1896 | |25 Sep, 1896 | ||
|3 Sep, 1898 | |3 Sep, 1898 | ||
| Line 83: | Line 85: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Stag}} | | {{Template:UK-Stag}} | ||
| − | |[[Thornycroft]] | + | |[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]] |
|16 Apr, 1898 | |16 Apr, 1898 | ||
|18 Nov, 1899 | |18 Nov, 1899 | ||
| Line 90: | Line 92: | ||
|- align=left | |- align=left | ||
| {{Template:UK-Taku}} | | {{Template:UK-Taku}} | ||
| − | |[[Schichau]] | + | |[[Schichau-Werke]] |
| | | | ||
|1898 | |1898 | ||
| Line 98: | Line 100: | ||
</div name=fredbot:ships> | </div name=fredbot:ships> | ||
==Guns== | ==Guns== | ||
| − | As had been done since | + | As had been done since the [["B" Class Destroyer (1895)|"B" class]], the "D" class ships mounted: |
* One 12-pdr 12 cwt on a P. I mounting. The gun recoiled 12 inches and the mounting and its sights were capable of 30 degree elevations (9500 yards).<ref name=th15/> | * One 12-pdr 12 cwt on a P. I mounting. The gun recoiled 12 inches and the mounting and its sights were capable of 30 degree elevations (9500 yards).<ref name=th15/> | ||
* Five Q.F. 6-pdr on Mark I* mountings recoiling 5 inches. The mounting could elevate 30 degrees, but the sight only 25 degrees (4000 yards). By 1920, two 6-pdrs had been removed.<ref name=cw93>''Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905'', p. 93.</ref> <ref name=th15/> | * Five Q.F. 6-pdr on Mark I* mountings recoiling 5 inches. The mounting could elevate 30 degrees, but the sight only 25 degrees (4000 yards). By 1920, two 6-pdrs had been removed.<ref name=cw93>''Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905'', p. 93.</ref> <ref name=th15/> | ||
| Line 109: | Line 111: | ||
Two 18-in single torpedo tubes on the centre line. | Two 18-in single torpedo tubes on the centre line. | ||
| − | In 1905-06, it was decreed that all ships but {{UK- | + | In 1905-06, it was decreed that all ships but {{UK-1Fame}} and {{UK-Foam}} were to have their 10 cubic foot air compressors replaced by 20 cubic foot models to be able to pump to 2,500 psi. In 1906-07, {{UK-1Fame}} and {{UK-Foam}} were to receive theirs.{{ARTS1904|p. 75}} |
From 1907, the decision was made to standardise the "A" through "D"s with torpedoes set for short range, allotting them the Mark IV S.R..{{ARTS1907|p. 32}} | From 1907, the decision was made to standardise the "A" through "D"s with torpedoes set for short range, allotting them the Mark IV S.R..{{ARTS1907|p. 32}} | ||
| Line 118: | Line 120: | ||
==Fire Control== | ==Fire Control== | ||
| − | + | The ''Technical History and Index'' indicates that destroyers prior to the [[Acorn Class Destroyer (1910)|''Acorn'' class]] relied on a visual system for transmitting fire control information.{{UKTHVol4Part34|pp. 15-16}} | |
| + | |||
| + | By mid-1918, these destroyers were among several earlier classes for which "alarm circuits" were to be fitted.{{ARTS1917|p. 232}} | ||
==Torpedo Control== | ==Torpedo Control== | ||
| Line 155: | Line 159: | ||
name=Desperate | name=Desperate | ||
pend=P.50 (1914)<br>D.40 (Sep 1915)<br>D.26 (Jan 1918){{DittColl|p. 58}} | pend=P.50 (1914)<br>D.40 (Sep 1915)<br>D.26 (Jan 1918){{DittColl|p. 58}} | ||
| − | builder=[[Thornycroft]]{{Conways1860|p. 93}} | + | builder=[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]]{{Conways1860|p. 93}} |
order=1894-95{{Conways1860|p. 93}} | order=1894-95{{Conways1860|p. 93}} | ||
laid=1 7 95{{Conways1860|p. 93}} | laid=1 7 95{{Conways1860|p. 93}} | ||
| Line 203: | Line 207: | ||
name=Angler | name=Angler | ||
pend=P.25 (1914)<br>D.36 (Sep 1915)<br>D.04 (Jan 1918){{DittColl|p. 58}} | pend=P.25 (1914)<br>D.36 (Sep 1915)<br>D.04 (Jan 1918){{DittColl|p. 58}} | ||
| − | builder=[[Thornycroft]]{{Conways1860|p. 94}} | + | builder=[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]]{{Conways1860|p. 94}} |
order=1895-96{{Conways1860|p. 94}} | order=1895-96{{Conways1860|p. 94}} | ||
laid=21 2 96{{Conways1860|p. 94}} | laid=21 2 96{{Conways1860|p. 94}} | ||
| Line 227: | Line 231: | ||
name=Coquette | name=Coquette | ||
pend=N.21(1914)<br>D.37 (Sep 1915){{DittColl|p. 58}} | pend=N.21(1914)<br>D.37 (Sep 1915){{DittColl|p. 58}} | ||
| − | builder=[[Thornycroft]]{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | + | builder=[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]]{{Conways1860|p. 95}} |
order=1896-97{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | order=1896-97{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | ||
laid=8 6 96{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | laid=8 6 96{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | ||
| Line 233: | Line 237: | ||
comm=Nov 99{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | comm=Nov 99{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | ||
fate=Mined | fate=Mined | ||
| − | fatedate=1916{{ | + | fate2=off East Coast |
| + | fatedate=7 3 1916{{DittColl|p. 58}} | ||
} | } | ||
| Line 263: | Line 268: | ||
name=Stag | name=Stag | ||
pend=P.06 (Feb 1914){{AWO1914|909 of 27 Feb, 1914}}P.34 (1914)<br>D.43 (Sep 1915)<br>D.78 (Jan 1918){{DittColl|p. 58}} | pend=P.06 (Feb 1914){{AWO1914|909 of 27 Feb, 1914}}P.34 (1914)<br>D.43 (Sep 1915)<br>D.78 (Jan 1918){{DittColl|p. 58}} | ||
| − | builder=[[Thornycroft]]{{Conways1860|p. 96}} | + | builder=[[John I. Thornycroft & Company]]{{Conways1860|p. 96}} |
order=1897-98{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | order=1897-98{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | ||
laid=16 4 98{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | laid=16 4 98{{Conways1860|p. 95}} | ||
| Line 275: | Line 280: | ||
{ship | {ship | ||
name=Taku | name=Taku | ||
| − | builder=[[Schichau]]{{Conways1860|p. 99}} | + | builder=[[Schichau-Werke]]{{Conways1860|p. 99}} |
order=Captured<br>17 Jun 1900{{Conways1860|p. 99}} | order=Captured<br>17 Jun 1900{{Conways1860|p. 99}} | ||
launch=1898{{Conways1860|p. 99}} | launch=1898{{Conways1860|p. 99}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:38, 26 April 2018
Ten of the 30 Knotters built for the Royal Navy late in the 1890s had two funnels. All were built by John I. Thornycroft & Company, and were re-designated as "D" class destroyers on 30 August 1912, along with the contemporary, foreign-built Taku, as she also happened to have two funnels.[1]
Their average cost was £60,000.[2]
In July, 1918, seven ships were still in service, four serving in the local defence force in Portsmouth, two in the Irish Sea, and one paid off in China.[3]
By May 1920, seven of the ships were still considered worth documenting as regards their armament,[4] though the ships were all to be broken up by the end of 1921.
| Overview of 11 vessels | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citations for this data available on individual ship pages | |||||
| Name | Builder | Laid Down | Launched | Completed | Fate |
| Desperate | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 1 Jul, 1895 | 15 Feb, 1896 | Feb, 1897 | Broken up 1920 |
| Fame | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 4 Jul, 1895 | 15 Apr, 1896 | Jun, 1897 | Broken up 1921 |
| Foam | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 16 Jul, 1895 | 8 Oct, 1896 | Jul, 1897 | Broken up 1914 |
| Mallard | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 13 Sep, 1895 | 19 Nov, 1896 | Oct, 1897 | Broken up 1920 |
| Angler | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 21 Feb, 1896 | 2 Feb, 1897 | Jul, 1898 | Broken up 1920 |
| Ariel | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 23 Apr, 1896 | 5 Mar, 1897 | Oct, 1898 | Wrecked 1907 |
| Coquette | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 8 Jun, 1896 | 25 Nov, 1897 | Nov, 1899 | Mined 7 Mar, 1916 |
| Cynthia | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 16 Jul, 1896 | 8 Jan, 1898 | Jun, 1899 | Broken up 1920 |
| Cygnet | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 25 Sep, 1896 | 3 Sep, 1898 | Feb, 1900 | Broken up 1920 |
| Stag | John I. Thornycroft & Company | 16 Apr, 1898 | 18 Nov, 1899 | Sep, 1900 | Broken up 1921 |
| Taku | Schichau-Werke | 1898 | 25 Oct, 1916 | ||
Contents
Guns
As had been done since the "B" class, the "D" class ships mounted:
- One 12-pdr 12 cwt on a P. I mounting. The gun recoiled 12 inches and the mounting and its sights were capable of 30 degree elevations (9500 yards).[4]
- Five Q.F. 6-pdr on Mark I* mountings recoiling 5 inches. The mounting could elevate 30 degrees, but the sight only 25 degrees (4000 yards). By 1920, two 6-pdrs had been removed.[5] [4]
In late-1913, the 12-pdr mountings were equipped with percussion firing gear.[6]
By 1920, those remaining had also been fitted with a Q.F. 6-pdr on Mark IV H.A. mounting.[4]
Torpedoes
Two 18-in single torpedo tubes on the centre line.
In 1905-06, it was decreed that all ships but Fame and Foam were to have their 10 cubic foot air compressors replaced by 20 cubic foot models to be able to pump to 2,500 psi. In 1906-07, Fame and Foam were to receive theirs.[7]
From 1907, the decision was made to standardise the "A" through "D"s with torpedoes set for short range, allotting them the Mark IV S.R..[8]
Other Weapons
Searchlights
Fire Control
The Technical History and Index indicates that destroyers prior to the Acorn class relied on a visual system for transmitting fire control information.[9]
By mid-1918, these destroyers were among several earlier classes for which "alarm circuits" were to be fitted.[10]
Torpedo Control
See Also
Footnotes
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. p. 18.
- ↑ Smith. Hard Lying. Table 5.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (July, 1918). pp. 16, 17, 19, 28.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Technical History and Index Vol. 4, Part 34, p. 15.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905, p. 93.
- ↑ Admiralty Weekly Order No. 430 of 1 Aug, 1913.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1904. p. 75.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1907. p. 32.
- ↑ The Technical History and Index, Vol. 4, Part 34. pp. 15-16.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. p. 232.
Bibliography
- Chesneau, Robert; Kolesnik, Eugene (editors) (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. (on Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk).
- Lyon, David (1996). The First Destroyers. London: Chatham Publishing. (on Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk).
- March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892-1953. London: Seeley Service & Co. Limited. (on Bookfinder.com).
- Admiralty, Technical History Section (1920). The Technical History and Index: Alteration in Armaments of H.M. Ships during the War. Vol. 4, Part 34. C.B. 1515 (34) now O.U. 6171/20. At The National Archives, Kew, United Kingdom.
| "D" Class Destroyer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Desperate | Fame | Foam | Mallard | Angler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariel | Coquette | Cynthia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cygnet | Stag | Taku | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| <– | "C" Class | Destroyers (UK) | River Class | –> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
